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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most frequently prescribed treatment for ADHD seem to regulate brain chemicals and boost their levels. They do not solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if used regularly. Side effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Certain teenagers and children who take stimulant drugs notice a slight reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly prescribed drug to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety forms, including a chewable tablet that is liquid and a long-acting disintegrating orally disintegrating tablet and an extended-release pill. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to enhance concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters which eliminate these neurotransmitters naturally from the brain. The drug could cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It can also cause a rapid change in blood sugar levels, which is why diabetics should be careful when taking this medication. Talk to your doctor when you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate may also trigger the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness and pain in the fingers and toes. This is a rare, but serious side result. It is essential to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows children's growth, but this hasn't been proven to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate ensure that you be attentive to their weight and height. If your child is on chewable tablets containing methylphenidate is a phenylalanine-based tablet, which is potentially dangerous for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, consult your physician about other forms of methylphenidate. Stimulants are the most popular medication for treating ADHD However, certain people are not able to use these medications. In these cases, doctors could prescribe a different medication that functions in a similar manner. There are other stimulants, like dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides methylphenidate. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. They are usually taken every day, either twice or three times, but some people might be able to take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration, while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is in a class of medications known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and is a stimulant of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is popular with adults and children who seek an alternative to stimulants like Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine isn't a drug that works instantly. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. You may also experience adverse effects like nausea and drowsiness. For the majority of patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine outweigh the risks. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was verified. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson et al 2001). In a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms when compared to placebo, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Version of the screening and Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales increasing significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an eruption. Three patients also reported temporary digestive symptoms, and one patient reported increased fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine with your physician about your health history as well as any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medications. It is especially important to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma or a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or a history of sudden death. You should also avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also reduce impulsivity, and increase concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain in the similar way that stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the right dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is important to follow the instructions. If you stop taking it abruptly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily separated by four to six hours. The dosage can vary between 100 mg twice or three times per day to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract, and then eliminated into urine, meaning it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it could enter the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion can increase your blood pressure, making it vital to monitor it regularly. In addition to helping improve the symptoms of ADHD In addition, bupropion may reduce depression. adult adhd medication is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications So it's crucial to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to know if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make the side effects worse. Numerous studies have compared bupropion to placebos in adults with ADHD. These studies had mixed results and were poorly conducted. Moreover, many of them excluded participants with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion may have a small impact on ADHD. However there is a need for more research to establish positive outcomes for patients such as improvement in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be created, it is necessary to understand the underlying causes of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better knowledge of the interplay between molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD do not work or cause undesirable side effects, doctors might turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain to help people focus. These are older drugs that may have a number of adverse reactions, and are usually only used after other medications have failed. The first choice of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram and escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been in use for decades, may still be used in some cases. They also work in treating neuropathic pain. They have a second pain-relieving action that is separate from their antidepressant properties. They increase the activity of the noradrenephrine receptor by blocking its reuptake. They also act as descending modulators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have less side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer in pregnancy and do not appear to cause teratogenicity in animals or humans. However, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. Your doctor might suggest gradually reducing the dose over a few weeks to minimize these effects. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant that is prescribed off-label for treating ADHD, is not FDA approved as a treatment for adhd. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety and can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and long-lasting results. While there aren't any FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD Many people feel relief through the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet low in fat and sugar can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people might benefit by staying clear of caffeine. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications your child or you is taking, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. This will avoid interactions and minimize unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect each person differently, which is why it's often a trial and error to find the appropriate dosage and medication for you or your child.